Vulnerable

A small, striking bird about 13–14 cm long. It has a glossy black head and throat, a distinctive white patch on the nape, white wing bars, and pale underparts with a black central line on the breast. Both sexes look similar, though males may be slightly glossier.

A resident species, endemic to India — found mainly in northwestern and southern India.

Non-migratory, though it may make local movements in search of food and nesting sites, especially during dry seasons.

Breeds from February to July. Nests are usually made in tree cavities or old woodpecker holes, sometimes in mud walls or fence posts. The nest is lined with feathers, fur, and plant fibers. Clutch size is typically 3–5 eggs.

Found in dry deciduous forests, thorn scrub, and semi-arid regions, especially with scattered trees and available cavities for nesting.

Prefers open dry woodland, acacia scrub, and arid landscapes. It avoids dense forests and urban areas. Often seen in pairs or small groups actively foraging among branches.

Feeds mainly on insects, caterpillars, beetles, and spiders, but also eats seeds and nectar occasionally. Searches bark crevices and foliage for prey.