Least Concern — uncommon but stable across its forested range.

50–65 cm in length with a wingspan of 140–165 cm; a large owl with strong build, prominent ear tufts, and heavily spotted underparts.

Resident species — does not migrate.

Non-migratory, with only short local movements.

Mainly December to March, depending on region.

Uses tree cavities, cliffs, or abandoned nests; clutch usually 1–2 eggs; both parents take care of the young.

Found in dense forests, wooded hills, riverine forests, and sometimes plantations near forests.

Carnivorous; feeds on rodents, birds, reptiles, and occasionally large insects, hunting mostly at night.