Least Concern

Length about 30–36 cm; wingspan 65–85 cm; weight 150–300 g. A medium-sized, elegant falcon with a distinctive rufous crown and nape, bluish-grey upperparts, and finely barred underparts. The face features bold black moustachial stripes.

Resident species in much of India, sub-Saharan Africa, and parts of Southeast Asia; mostly sedentary but may show local dispersal after breeding.

Non-migratory; remains in its range year-round, though it may move locally in response to prey availability and weather conditions.

In India, breeding occurs mainly from February to May. Courtship involves aerial displays, calling, and food exchange.

Typically nests in old crow or kite nests, often placed high in trees or occasionally on cliffs or tall structures. Clutch usually has 3–4 eggs. Both parents share incubation and chick-rearing duties.

Prefers open dry country, savannas, farmlands, scrublands, and lightly wooded areas. Often seen near cultivation or wetlands where prey is abundant.

Feeds primarily on small birds, caught in swift aerial chases. Also hunts large insects, lizards, and small mammals. Known for agile flight and precise hunting close to the ground or canopy.