| IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature): | Least Concern
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| Approximate size(adult): | A small passerine measuring 13–14 cm in length with a wingspan of 20–24 cm. Males have dark grey to black plumage with a reddish-orange tail, while females and juveniles are brownish-grey with a paler tail.
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| Resident/ Migrate from: | Breeds across Europe, Central Asia, and western China. Northern and high-altitude populations are migratory, moving south in winter.
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| Migrate to: | Winters in southern Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, and South Asia, including northern India. Urban populations may remain resident year-round.
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| Breeding season: | Breeds from April to July, nesting in crevices, walls, or rocky outcrops, often near human settlements. Clutch size is typically 4–6 eggs.
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| Breed in: | Prefers rocky cliffs, mountainsides, and urban areas with suitable crevices for nesting.
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| Habitat: | Found in open rocky areas, cliffs, quarries, and towns. Often seen in urban settings, old buildings, and ruins during winter.
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| Diet: | Primarily insectivorous, feeding on insects, spiders, and other small invertebrates. Also consumes berries and seeds occasionally.
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